Build up on the cutter I think; the material being cut smears a bit and tends to accumulate on the cutting edge. Depending on factors, it can pile up, get hot, weld to other material, make the cutter seem dull so tool pressure increases, maybe also work-harden the workpiece while all that is going on. Titanium can burn if made hot enough, wreck the machine and maybe lots more, so it has to be handled with some care.
At best it leads to material tearing out rather than shearing off, which causes a poor surface finish. There are youtube vids of what a building up edge looks like in a microscope.